A niche model to predict Microcystis bloom decline in Chaohu Lake, China     

汪志聪  李钟杰  李敦海 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2012,30(4):587-594

Cyanobacterial blooms occur frequently in lakes due to eutrophication. Although a number of models have been proposed to forecast algal blooms, a good and applicable method is still lacking. This study explored a simple and effective mathematical-ecological model to evaluate the growth status and predict the population dynamics of Microcystis blooms. In this study, phytoplankton were collected and identified from 8 sampling sites in Chaohu Lake every month from July to October, 2010. The niche breadth and niche overlap of common species were calculated using standard equations, and the potential relative growth rates of Microcystis were calculated as a weighted-value of niche overlap. In July, the potential relative growth rate was 2.79 (a.u., arbitrary units) but then rapidly declined in the following months to -3.99 a.u. in September. A significant correlation (R=0.998, P<0.01) was found in the model between the net-increase in biomass of Microcystis in the field and the predicted values calculated by the niche model, we concluded that the niche model is suitable for forecasting the dynamics of Microcystis blooms. Redundancy analysis indicated that decreases in water temperature, dissolved oxygen and total dissolved phosphorus might be major factors underlying bloom decline. Based on the theory of community succession being caused by resource competition, the growth and decline of blooms can be predicted from a community structure. This may provide a basis for early warning and control of algal blooms.  相似文献   

海南清澜港水母暴发期间浮游生物生态特征研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

岑竞仪  欧林坚  吕淑果  张云  李霞  江涛  吕颂辉 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(3):595-601

自2010年12月-2011年5月,调查研究了海南清澜港海域的浮游生物群落特征,重点跟踪监测了2011年5月黄斑海蜇(Rhopilema hispidum)暴发期间海水营养盐水平及浮游生物群落结构变化。通过样品分析,共鉴定出浮游植物111种(变种和变型),细胞密度范围为(2.25×104)-(8.19×108)cells/L,浮游动物36种,丰度范围为19.39-25798.74ind/L,其中浮游动物以桡足类为优势种群,浮游植物以硅藻为主要优势种。在水母暴发期间浮游植物以热带骨条藻(Skeletonema tropicum)为主,浮游动物以桡足类为主。清澜港养殖区为水母水螅体提供生长发育的环境和水母暴发前期浮游植物大量增殖,为浮游动物提供充足的食物,在一定程度上促进了水母的暴发。  相似文献   

吞噬微囊藻的鞭毛虫的培养   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王进  李建宏  华秀红  周逸芳 《湖泊科学》2005,17(2):183-187

从一个有水华发生的池塘里采集分离到一种能吞噬微囊藻的动基体目鞭毛虫(Kinetoplastida),存光学显微镜及激光共聚焦显微镜下观察了该鞭毛虫的形态特征,初步探讨了它的培养方法.该鞭毛虫以集胞藻、微囊藻、鱼腥藻、小球藻以及蛋黄、奶粉、大肠杆菌和酵母为食物进行培养,结果集胞藻、微囊藻、奶粉、蛋黄、及酵母都是该鞭毛虫很好的食物.该鞭毛虫易于培养,繁殖迅速,培养成本低廉,有应用于生态环境中控制微囊藻水华的可能.  相似文献   

北京城区河湖水质分析   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10  

杜桂森  吴玉梅  扬忠山  武佃卫  刘靖 《湖泊科学》2005,17(4):373-377

调研结果显示,2003年北京城区河湖(11个监测水体)总磷、总氮含量分别为0．142mg/L、1．481mg/L,已达到比较 严重的富营养状态．北京城市河湖属于藻型水体,初级生产力主要决定于浮游藻类的群落结构与密度．河湖水体中浮游 藻类密度为37867．82×10~4cells/L,其群落由蓝藻(Cyanophyta)、绿藻(Chlorophyta)、硅藻(Bcillariophyta)、甲藻(Pyrrophy— ta)、隐藻(Cryptophyta)、黄藻(Xanthophyta)、金藻(Chrysophyta)和裸藻(Eugleniphyta)构成．群落中蓝藻占绝对优势 (89．54%)．在近几年的夏秋季连续发生程度不同的微囊藻(microcystis)水华,对水体功能和城市景观造成了不良影响． 主要原因是：(1)氮磷和有机物的污染,(2)给城市河湖补给的水量少,(3)河湖生态系统被损害,水体自净能力差．本文 对如何改善北京城市河湖水质提出了建议．  相似文献   

超声波和改性粘土集成技术在去除蓝藻水华上的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陆贻超  王国祥  李仁辉 《湖泊科学》2010,22(3):421-429

近年来,改性粘土除藻技术广泛应用于"水华"的治理当中,其原理是藻类与改性粘土絮凝后自然沉降.通过对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)、集胞藻(Synechocystis sp.)和小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)的絮凝比较,发现具气囊的铜绿微囊藻比其他两种藻发生再悬浮的幅度更大,次数更多.针对我国的水华藻类是以微囊藻(Microcystis sp.)等为主的情况,研究超声波和改性粘土集成技术对藻类的去除效果.结果表明,超声波和改性粘土集成技术能将藻类去除率明显提高,该法的絮体稳定性比单一絮凝法明显增强,且对群体形态的藻的去除率提升效果更好.另外,在40kHz、160W超声辐照下,铜绿微囊藻的气囊去除率在95%以上,但细胞壁保持完好,细胞活性不变,藻毒素不会因细胞破裂而释放,因此超声波和改性粘土集成方法,是治理我国蓝藻水华的有效方法.  相似文献   

基于突变理论的太湖蓝藻水华危险性分区评价   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5  

刘聚涛  高俊峰  姜加虎  许妍  赵家虎 《湖泊科学》2010,22(4):488-494

蓝藻水华暴发是湖泊生态系统中营养物质长期累积的结果,是系统营养经长期演化后的极端状态.突变理论评价方法无需确定指标权重,减少了人为主观因素,并且计算方便.本文基于突变理论,采取蓝藻水华暴发的表征因子(叶绿素浓度)和导致蓝藻水华暴发的环境因子(总氮和总磷)作为潜在危险性评价指标,蓝藻水华的面积、范围以及暴发频次作为历史危险性评价指标建立多准则蓝藻水华暴发风险评价指标体系,并结合太湖九个分区进行蓝藻水华暴发危险性分区及全湖评价.研究结果表明:竺山湖和西部沿岸为极重危险性湖区;梅梁湾为重度危险性湖区;南部沿岸、贡湖和大太湖为中度危险性湖区;箭湖东茭咀、东太湖和胥湖蓝藻水华暴发危险性较小,为轻微危险性湖区.整体上看,太湖蓝藻水华暴发危险性程度由轻到重基本上沿东南-西北方向变化,与营养盐浓度由低到高分布趋势相一致.根据评价结果,可以明确太湖各区遭遇蓝藻水华暴发危险性的大小,为蓝藻水华风险管理和应急处理提供科学依据.  相似文献   

Spectral observations of blue stellar objects from FBS in the zone δ =+39°     

P. K. Sinamyan  A. M. Mickaelian 《Astrophysics》2008,51(1):37-47

Spectral observations of blue stellar objects from FBS are reported for the purpose of classifying them, discovering interesting new objects, and studying the FBS sample as a whole. 59 FBS objects in the zone with central declination δ =+39° were observed with the 2.6-m telescope at the Byurakan Observatory during 1987–1991. The images have been digitized with a professional scanner and processed by MIDAS in a way similar to CCD spectra. In addition, 4 objects were observed with the BAO-2.6 and OHP-1.93 telescopes using modern techniques during 1997–2000. 3 white dwarfs, 45 hot subdwarfs, 4 HBB stars, and 2 class F stars were discovered. Spectra of 20 of the most interesting objects are shown. __________ Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 51, No. 1, pp. 51–59 (February 2008).  相似文献   

海洋中型浮游动物的选择性摄食对浮游植物群落的控制   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王小冬  孙军  LIU Dong-yan  刘东艳  汪岷 《海洋科学进展》2005,23(4):524-535

海洋中型浮游动物的选择性摄食很大程度上影响着浮游植物种群的变化,控制着海洋初级生产力的节律、规模和归宿。从海洋中型浮游动物选择性摄食对有害藻华的控制、中型浮游动物的选择性摄食机制、中型浮游动物选择性摄食的研究方法和中型浮游动物的选择性摄食模型四个方面探讨了中型浮游动物选择性摄食对控制浮游植物种群演替的贡献,为进一步预测和控制有害藻华发生提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Organic-walled Microfossils from the Early Middle Cambrian sediments of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland: Possible Implications for Sedimentary Environment in the SE Margin of the Baltica     

Marta B?K  Lucyna NATKANIEC-NOWAK  Beata NAGLIK  Krzysztof B?K  Pawe? DULEMBA 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(1):39-50

An association of organic-walled microfossils consisting of filamentous cyanobacteria, algal coenobia and acanthomorphic acritarch have been documented from non-calcareous claystones and mudstones of the Pepper Mountains Shale Formation(PMSF), located in its stratotype area in the Pepper Mountains, which are part of the Holy Cross Mountains in Poland. These sediments represent the oldest strata of the ?ysogóry Unit, deposited on the edge of the East European Craton(Baltica). Non-branched, ribbon-like and thread-like cyanobacteria trichomes exhibit morphological similarities to families Nostocaceae and Oscillatoriaceae. Cells assembled in rounded to irregular clusters of monospecific agglomerations represent multicellular algal coenobia, attributed to the family Scenedesmaceae. The co-occurrence of acritarchs belonging to species as Eliasum llaniscum, Cristallinium ovillense and Estiastra minima indicates that the studied material corresponds to the lower Middle Cambrian. Deposition of the PMSF took place in shallow marine environment, influenced by periodical freshwater inputs. The varying degree of coloration of organic-walled microfossils is interpreted in this study as factor indication of possible different source of their derivation. Dark brown walls of cells assembled in algal coenobia might have sustained previous humification in humid, terrestrial environments, which preceded their river transport into the sea together with nutrients, causing occasional blooms of cyanobacteria in the coastal environment and the final deposition of both groups of organisms in marine deposits.  相似文献   

秦皇岛入海河流的污染水平、排放特征及对褐潮暴发区生源要素的影响     

曹西华  俞志明  宋秀贤  袁涌铨  吴在兴  贺立燕 《海洋与湖沼》2017,48(5):970-981

为查明秦皇岛近海大面积褐潮连年暴发的成因,在2013年3—11月对该地区主要入海河流和沿岸褐潮暴发区的生源要素污染进行了连续调查研究。调查结果表明,所调查入海河流普遍为劣V类地表水,总氮(TN)超标严重,按照氮污染程度由高到低排列依次为大蒲河洋河戴河石河汤河东沙河。各河流中的碳、氮、磷、硅等污染物浓度在时间变化上没有统一规律。基于综合污染指数法的评价结果显示,大蒲河和洋河为重度污染,戴河和汤河从先前的轻度污染加重为中度污染。从污染物入海量上看,TN和化学需氧量(COD)是排放量最高的两种河源污染物,其中溶解态氮占TN的74.6%。在所调查河流中,洋河和大蒲河分别贡献了TN的38.2%和33.2%,同时大蒲河还贡献了75.8%的活性磷酸盐和37.7%的活性硅酸盐,而75.9%的COD来自汤河、洋河和大蒲河。秦皇岛河源污染物排放在时间上较为集中在6—9月的丰水期,但各河流单独的排放具有随机性,没有统一的季节性规律,表现出受人为调控影响明显的特点。秦皇岛沿岸褐潮暴发区的生源要素变化与河源污染物排放有显著性相关(P=0.05)。  相似文献